Hazards and incident investigation at palm oil mill industry

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) is a discipline with broad scope involving many specialized fields. This research was conducted to determine the relationship between the hazards occurring and the control measures to overcome the hazards occur in the Palm Oil Mill located at Ulu Keratong, Segamat, Johor. Nowadays, the workers are lack of safety and health practice from their companies based on the statistics that have shown the number of fatality and permanent disablement cases due to the accident in the palm oil mill. Which causes the accidents and injuries happened due to management control that does not emphasized on the safe practise of workers. Information and data collection were carried out by using HIRARC Form and Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) in the Palm Oil Mill RISDA which will be further discuss in the methodology part. The main objective of this study is to promote adaptable occupational environment and suggest some countermeasures to solve the potential hazard and the consequent responsibilities relevant to professional engineering practice. There were seven hazards have been identified such as crash by rotating machine, struck by heavy palm fruit and slippery floor, excessive heat, excessive pressure of tractor tire, chemical spillage and noise hazard. From the result and findings, the hazards and control measures identified are able to determine improvements in knowledge and risk perceptions among the workers and visitors towards health policies and essential interventions for hazard prevention. Effective job safety and health programs help reduce worker injuries and illness in the long term

Occupational safety and health practice: a study at Infrastructure construction work

Safety is the state of being “safe”, the condition of being protected against physical, social, spiritual, financial, political, emotional, occupational, psychological, educational or other types of consequences of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other event which could be considered non-desirable. Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. In that case, Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) is an act that ensure the well-being of workers in a broad scope of many specialized fields. This study is focused on the construction of a police headquarters located in Seriab, Perlis. A big number of construction companies in Malaysia might not perform safety practice for their workers, lack of safety appliances, and did not perform a regular safety check-up on their workers as the reason was they want to earn more profits and they took the safety measures of their foreign workers for granted. Note that most of construction workers in Malaysia are immigrants. The data collection was carried out through site investigation using Preliminary Hazard analysis (PHA), HIRARC form and interview session with a worker in the construction site. The objective of this study is to spread the awareness of the importance of safety among workers in the construction site based on the existing potential hazards. This report was initially to identify the hazard on the construction site and to analyse the occupational safety and health factor in the workplace. The results are to analyse and suggest recommendations for improving occupational safety and health act in the construction site. Practicing a good safety measures in the workplace will ensure the well-being of workers

Alat pemungut tandan kelapa sawit darjah kebebasan

Kelapa sawit merupakan tanaman yang menyumbang kepada industri penghasilan minyak di dunia seperti minyak masak, minyak industri, dan minyak bahan bakar (biodiesal). Pulangan dari sektor pertanian khususnya kelapa sawit sangat menguntungkan. Kini ramai petani telah bertukar ke tanaman kelapa sawit. Indonesia merupakan pengeluar minyak kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia [1]. Dengan terdapatnya pembukaan ladang sawit secara besar-besaran maka banyaklah syarikat-syarikat pertanian mula mencipta alat atau mesin yang baik untuk mencepatkan proses memetik dan mengeluarkan sawit dari ladang. Namun alatan yang lebih mesra pengguna dilihat tidak dipandang serius. Atas isu ini timbul idea mencipta alat pemungut tandan kelapa sawit darjah kebebasan. Semua sedia maklum untuk mengeluarkan sawit dari ladang perlunya meletakan tandan sawit ke dalam kereta sorong terlebih dahulu.Untuk meletakan sawit ke dalam kereta sorong T-shape palm fruit shank diperlukan. Pekebun akan mengangkat sawit yang telah dipetik dari pokok menggunakan alatan tersebut.Tanpa disedari alatan ini membahayakan pekebun dan membebankan. Pekebun memerlukan tenaga yang banyak untuk mengangkat tandan sawit yang amat berat ke dalam kereta sorong. Selain itu, mengangkat bebanan yang berat dalam kuantiti yang banyak menyebabkan sakit dibahagian tulang belakang pekebun. Di samping itu, mata alat yang tajam dan terdedah meningkatkan risiko kecederaan pekebun. Duri pada buah sawit juga bahaya pada pekebun

Camera stabilizer

In the world of videography and cinematography, visible camera shake is a common thing. Visible camera shake usually is caused by the movement of the camera operator when using a camera. Camera stabilizer is a device used by many people to reduce or remove the visible camera shake to create better quality videos. Most camera stabilizers available in the global market uses advanced technologies that can stabilize a camera very easily. However, the use of advance technologies has caused a spike in the price of these camera stabilizers. There are very little to none option when it comes to a low-cost camera stabilizer available in the market. This project main purpose is to design and fabricate a low-cost camera stabilizer that would be affordable to more people from different walk of life. The low-cost camera stabilizer will use simple mechanism to stabilize a camera instead of advance technologies that are used on most high cost camera stabilizers. The result shows that this low-cost camera stabilizers were able to stabilize a camera and reduce the visible camera shake using the balancing mechanism

Characterization of Crude Palm Oil (CPO), corn oil and waste cooking oil for biodiesel production

Biodiesel production is the reaction of raw oils with mixing and heating within catalyst and methanol. The raw oils usually come from vegetable oils and animal fats. Vegetable oils are a promising feedstock for biodiesel production since they are renewable in nature. Nevertheless, the physical properties of biodiesel pose some acute problems when used in an unmodified engine. It is important to diesel and biodiesels because it impacts components such as the fuel pump. Therefore, this paper intends to investigate the properties of biodiesel samples in terms of viscosity, density, flash point and acid values at different bio lipids and different mixing time. The evaluation is carried out on the three types of biodiesels: CPO, corn oil, and waste cooking oil. Methanol was chosen over the others for the transesterification process because it was cheaper. The esterification process, which reduces the amount of free fatty acids in the crude oil, will be performed with the help of an acid catalyst. Alkaline catalysts, in contrast, are used for the transesterification process. The comparison of all the samples shows that CPO is the better biodiesel than the other due to the physical properties of kinematic viscosity, density and flashpoint

Modul sijil Eksekutif Pengurusan Teknologi Penanaman Tebu Profesional

Buku ini merupakan suatu perkongsian dan gabungan idea daripada beberapa insan yang mencari kelainan teknik dalam dunia perniagaan khususnya usahawan yang berjaya dalam dunia perniagaan seperti Koperasi Pembangunan Usahawan Bestari Johor Bhd (KPUBJB). Penubuhan Koperasi Pembangunan Usahawan Bestari Johor Bhd ini bermatlamat untuk membina minda usahawan kepada ahli-ahlinya dan mementingkan ahli-ahlinya agar dapat menambah nilai ilmu perniagaan bagi menaiktaraf ekonomi keluarga, bangsa, agama dan negara. Setiap bab dalam buku ini memberi informasi dan maklumat yang dapat membantu masyarakat dalam bentuk panduan berkaitan teknologi penghasilan tebu. Semua tajuk yang digarap dalam penulisan ini merangkumi penyediaan tapak tanaman tebu, teknik tanaman tebu, racun serangga atau rumpai dan baja sehingga strategi pemasaran. Di samping itu, buku ini juga memberi pendedahan tentang jadual penjagaan selepas penanaman tebu dan kaedah pemasaran. Buku ini juga sangat sesuai dijadikan rujukan para pengusaha serta ahli perniagaan tebu yang berhasrat untuk mendalami perniagaan sehingga berkembang maju

Flow characteristics of 3-D turning diffuser using particle image velocimetry

It is often necessary in fluid flow systems to simultaneously decelerate and turn the flow. This can be achieved by employing turning diffusers in the fluid flow systems. The flow through a turning diffuser is complex, apparently due to the expansion and inflexion introduced along the direction of flow. The flow characteristics of 3-D turning diffuser by means of varying inflow Reynolds number are presently investigated. The flow characteristics within the outlet cross-section and longitudinal section were examined respectively by the 3-D stereoscopic PIV and 2-D PIV. The flow uniformity is affected with the increase of inflow Reynolds number due to the dispersion of the core flow throughout the outlet cross-section. It becomes even worse with the presence of secondary flow, 22% to 27% of the mean outlet velocity. The flow separation takes place within the inner wall region at the point very close to the outlet edge and the secondary flow vortex occurs dominantly within half part of the outlet cross-section

Performance modelling of refrigerants in a vapor compression refrigeration cycle

The simulation model based on the actual vapor compression cycle is performed in order to evaluate the performance of 14 refrigerants in terms of first law and second law efficiency. A 10% pressure drop is modelled in both the condenser and evaporator. The refrigerants that have been evaluated include R12, R22, R502, and their alternatives R134A, R401A, R401B, R402A, R402B, R404A, R407C, R410A, R408A, R409A, and R507. Effects of evaporating and condensing temperature on the COP, second law efficiency and irreversibility have been studied. The evaluation results show that R401A, R401B, and R409A are predicted as the best replacements for R12. R410A is predicted as the best alternative for R22, while R402B, R407C, and R408A are the best alternatives for R502 in terms of COP and second law efficiency. The results of actual cycle model show better predictions than that obtained with the ideal cycle model

Alat pencungkil ubi kayu

Ubi kayu merupakan makanan tradisi masyarakat Asia Tengara terutamanya di negara Malaysia. Ubi kayu merupakan tanaman yang mudah untuk ditanam dan mengambil masa 9 hingga 12 bulan untuk dituai [1]. Di Malaysia, tanaman ubi kayu secara komersial banyak ditanam di negeri Selangor dan Johor. Berbanding dengan negara Asia lain, hasil pengeluaran ubi kayu di malaysia masih rendah. Bagi memenuhi permintaan pasaran, penanaman ubi kayu semakin meningkat dewasa ini dan telah disenaraikan dalam pasaran komoditi global. Terdapat banyak produk industri yang dihasilkan daripada sumber ubi kayu. Selain produk makanan dan minuman, ibu kayu boleh menghasilkan pelbagai produk seperti kertas, kanji, plastik, tekstile, makanan haiwan, ethanol dan sebagainya